Method of cultivation of sunflower

Cultivation of sunflower

Cultivation of sunflower

Cultivation of sunflower

Cultivation of sunflower

Country has a large deficit in the production of edible oils so care must be taken to crops of oil which the most important crop of sunflowers for high oil content in seeds from 40 to 45% and is characterized by oil extracted from the quality of properties of chemical and natural is also gaining sunflower with a high nutritional value because it contains the proportion of high protein and therefore is considered an important source of protein in the manufacture of animal feeds.

He also proved successful cultivation of sunflower in the areas of expansion (new land) as well as land in which the rate of salinity does not exceed 3000 units per million with care for the drainage, has been grown in the three loops during the year and also afford to weather conditions different to the level of the Republic

Suitable land

Enjoys high quality in all types of land, except land with high salinity (more than 3000 ppm) and poor drainage. And succeed in the limestone land care if serviced and prepared with care for the land-based agriculture so that up to injustice Balnha with frequent irrigation before the emergence of seedlings at the soil surface to break the solid limestone layer formed on the surface of the earth when the droughts

Maturity

Mature sunflower plants after 85-90 days from sowing cultivated by the hybrid and sowing date, the region and soil type and know the signs of maturity b

Yellowing of leaves and defoliation bottom
Yellowing of the back of the CD
Dry flowers on the radial edges of the disk


Disease Control

Charcoal rot disease leg

Symptoms of infection in the form of yellowing leaves with wilting and wrinkled edges, and it changes color leg in the area of ​​the crown near the soil surface to brown blackened with weak growth of secondary roots and death and then wither plant and dies in the end, the disease affects the size of the disks and oil content and quality, where the less productive .


Symptoms appear in the external field after 35 to 45) days from agriculture and will continue during the formation of flowers and seeds, although the incidence of infection with the first paper Vgayh The proportion of infected between 8 -30%.

Methods of prevention and treatment
Follow the agricultural cycle of not less than three years.
Cultivation of varieties and hybrids of resistance and the recommended treatment Balrizulx t Alviavx or Thiram at 3 g / kg seed with gum arabic (5%) as an adhesive.
Remove weeds and collect and destroy infected waste and incinerated.
No excessive use of nitrogenous fertilizers and potassium fertilization Care and phosphate.
Plants are not subjected to extreme thirst.
Alascalerottany mold on the leg
Symptoms

Symptoms appear in the form of brown spots on the leg and start sheets in yellow, and show fine lines and bend the leg and broken and the plants start to dehydration and death can be seen Ascaliroshiat mushrooms inside leg in the form of a series accumulated over each other and the progress of infection appears brown and become tissue wet wet and bend the leg and the inside Alascaliroshiat, and in case of injury early does not give the plants infected with light floral and shows mold on the White leg in the air dry and may appear on the other side corresponding to the sunflower seed in the hard brown patches gel and become tissue fragile, soft-moist and permeated spots most of the disk is made up patches of white water between seeds.

The seed does not consist in large plants infected in the case of formation become lightweight and atrophic and less oil content.

And fit the spread of the disease of high humidity and low temperatures and the presence of the remains of infected plants and the presence of fungus on the seed Ascaliroshiat or inside or in the soil.

Methods of prevention and treatment
1 - waste collection plant after harvest and destroy.

2 - follow the appropriate agricultural cycle.

3 - cultivation of varieties and hybrids of resistance and the use of deep plowing.

4 - Care and non-wasteful irrigation and reduce the number of irrigations to reduce the percentage of soil moisture.

5 - Remove exotic weeds from the field to eliminate any families may transfer infection.

6 - a seed disinfectant treatment of fungal above.

7 - follow the appropriate agricultural cycle (3 years).

8 - Care and potassium phosphate fertilization.

9 - early agriculture, where the disease spreads very late in the lugs.

Alascalerottany mold on the disk
Symptoms

Symptoms appear in the form of patches of dark brown on the posterior surface of the disk and shows tissue syphilis irregular and covers the upper surface of the disk damp patches frequently, and a week later decays disc thoroughly and in severe cases of infection becomes a seed coat fragile Java loaded inside and out Bascaliroshiat mushrooms also grow fungi Throw on the disks of infected and cause significant losses in crop quality and quantity.

The focus of the damage resulting from the disease at the devaluation of the seeds and reduce germination and seedling and fall of her death and affects the proportion of oil formed.

Methods of prevention and treatment
Follow the appropriate agricultural cycle (3 years).
Waste burning plant infected.
The use of deep plowing.
No extravagance in irrigation where moisture increases disease incidence.
Treatment of seeds a fungal disinfectants.
In cases of serious injury are advised to spray pesticide Aldeattan Alredoumal AD 45 or 72% at 250 g / 100 liters of water with the addition of material as an adhesive Allsopprvielm publisher at 50 cm 3/100 liters of water

The best way for the cultivation of sunflower

Agriculture hand-

The best way to grow is the sunflower manually on the lines of an average of 12 line / Algosptin in Gore on the dimensions (20 cm) and irrigation, either in saline land in agriculture is up to the lower third of the line to be Rhee Rhee agriculture to ease the heavy concentration of salts.

And sunflower can be grown on land located at the ends of canals, which suffers from a shortage of irrigation water on the terraces width 120 cm and Gore on the dimensions of 20 cm on Aristin, where it contributes to a great extent in savings in irrigation water.
Mechanized farming

Albulantr can be used in the cultivation of sunflower to plow the land twice with the settlement of the ground and soften the shrine of the seed and can be adjusted Albulantr so that the distance between the lines of 60 cm and 20 cm between injustice.
Agriculture without service

Can Agriculture without service after any crop in order to save time and costs and helps farmers to get additional revenue, rather than leave the land of Port where it can be grown on the lines of the previous crop after the clean lines of grass can be grown in brief, about 60 cm in Gore, about 20 cm from each other, in the land cultivated without lines.
The sock

Is the sock when you configure the 4-6 leaf true (15 to 17 days from sowing) and so to leave the plant and one in the Jura, while avoiding the delays because it leads to poor plant growth and thus a significant shortfall in crop output, in the case of the absence of some injustices can leave the two plants Paljorh neighboring is not recommended to conduct the process of patching.

You can now put 23 planted the seed in a small hole 1 cm deep and then cover the seeds with soil and irrigated
Sufficient quantity of water and then left several days to grow a plant germination easy and has no problems


If you already roasting the seeds will not germinate, usually grows during the 7 10 days if given adequate conditions, namely:

A vital seeds and unroasted and good e

2 provides adequate soil moisture
3 seeds planted at a depth suitable (enough for 1 cm sunflower) and then cover the seeds with a thin layer of dirt or sand and can be grown without problems Bass
You can try again now






Planted sunflower seeds at a depth of about 1 cm and then covered with soil and irrigated by irrigation enough and wait until germination which usually occurs during the 7 10 days at most and then the irrigation thereafter as the air temperature and soil type means about once every 3 days and can agriculture in the pot without any problems and can then transfer the plant to sustainable land